On pedagogical prototyping of advanced ecological buildings and biocities at Valldaura Labs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19229/2464-9309/11122022Keywords:
pedagogical prototyping, living labs, immersive education, nature-based solutions, circular bioeconomyAbstract
Emerging designers and makers of the built environment have an outstanding responsibility and potential to mitigate and adapt to global climate change, environmental pollution, biodiversity loss, and resource depletion. This paper overviews how the Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia – Valldaura Labs (VL) educates incipient practitioners in interdisciplinary strategies for unifying the constructed and natural worlds through pedagogical prototyping and learning by living. VL is a living lab sited 10 km from Barcelona’s centre in the Collserola Natural Park, hosting the immersive Master in Advanced Ecological Buildings & Biocities (MAEBB), which culminates in the annual autonomous design and fabrication of a self-sufficient building. The methods and projects of VL provide best practices of reference for realising holistically integrated ecological and technological landscapes.
Downloads
Article Metrics Graph
References
@Network (n.d.), Innovation District. [Online] Available at: 22network.net/districte-22/?lang=en [Accessed 21 March 2022].
AA – Architectural Association (n.d.), Hooke Park. [Online] Available at: aaschool.ac.uk/about/hookepark [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Ajuntament de Barcelona (2021), Resolt el concurs per construir quatre promocions d’habitatge industrialitzat a Sant Martí, 02/08/2021. [Online] Available at: ajuntament.barcelona.cat/premsa/2021/08/02/resolt-el-concurs-per-construir-quatre-promocions-dhabitatge-industrialitzat-a-sant-marti/ [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Aldeguer, A., Capdevila, M., Ceresuela, C., Izquierdo R. and Puy, E. (2008), “Anàlisi i gestió dels recursos forestals del Parc de Collserola”, in Diagnosi ambiental al Parc de Collserola, pp. 71-77. [Online] Available at: parcs.diba.cat/documents/75109/786eafe2-c48b-4722-bb2f-66fd90b83185 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Babalola, A., Musa, S., Akinlolu, M. T. and Haupt, T. C. (2021), “A bibliometric review of advances in building information modeling (BIM) research”, in Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, vol. ahead-of-print, n. ahead-of-print. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1108/JEDT-01-2021-0013 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Banqué i Casanovas, M. and Vayreda i Duran, J. (2010), Estudi del potencial d’aprofitament forestal al Parc Natural de la Serra de Collserola, CREAF. [Online] Available at: parcnaturalcollserola.cat/pdfs/cdreR7648.pdf [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Bar-On, Y. M., Phillips, R. and Milo, R. (2018), “The biomass distribution on Earth”, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 115, n. 25, pp. 6506-6511. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1711842115 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Bruno, R., Arcuri, N. and Carpino, C. (2015), “The Passive House in Mediterranean Area – Parametric Analysis and Dynamic Simulation of the Thermal Behaviour of an Innovative Prototype”, in Energy Procedia, vol. 82, pp. 533-539. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.866 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Choi, C., Berry, P. and Smith, A. (2021), “The climate benefits, co-benefits, and trade-offs of green infrastructure – A systematic literature review”, in Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 291, 112583, pp. 1-16. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112583 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Churkina, G., Organschi, A., Reyer, C., Vinke, K., Ruff, A., Liu, Z., Reck, B., Graedel, T. and Schellnhuber, J. (2019), “Buildings as a global carbon sink”, in Nature Sustainability, vol. 3, pp. 269-273. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0462-4 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Darko, A., Chan, A. P. C., Adabre, M. A., Edwards, D. J., Hosseini, M. R. and Ameyaw, E. E. (2020), “Artificial intelligence in the AEC industry – Scientometric analysis and visualization of research activities”, in Automation in Construction, vol. 112, article 103081, pp. 1-19. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2020.103081 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Elhacham, E., Ben-Uri, L., Grozovski, J., Bar-On, Y. M. and Milo, R. (2020), “Global human-made mass exceeds all living biomass”, in Nature, vol. 588, pp. 442-444. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-3010-5 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Erb, K.-H., Kastner, T., Plutzar, C., Bais, A. L. S., Carvalhais, N., Fetzel, T., Gingrich, S., Haberl, H., Lauk, C., Niedertscheider, M., Pongratz, J., Thurner, M. and Luyssaert, S. (2018), “Unexpectedly large impact of forest management and grazing on global vegetation biomass”, in Nature, vol. 553, pp. 73-76. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1038/nature25138 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Escobedo, F. J., Giannico, V., Jim, C. Y., Sanesi, G. and Lafortezza, R. (2019), “Urban forests, ecosystem services, green infrastructure and nature-based solutions – Nexus or evolving metaphors?”, in Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, vol. 37, pp. 3-12. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2018.02.011 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Esmaeilian, B., Behdad, S. and Wang, B. (2016), “The evolution and future of manufacturing – A review”, in Journal of Manufacturing Systems, vol. 39, pp. 79-100. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2016.03.001 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
European Commission (2021), New European Bauhaus – Beautiful, Sustainable Together. [Online] Available at: europa.eu/new-european-bauhaus/index_en [Accessed 21 March 2022].
European Commission (2019), Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions – The European Green Deal, document 52019DC0640, 640 final. [Online] Available at: eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM%3A2019%3A640%3AFIN [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Faivre, N., Fritz, M., Freitas, T., de Boissezon, B. and Vandewoestijne, S. (2017), “Nature-Based Solutions in the EU – Innovating with nature to address social, economic and environmental challenges”, in Environmental Research, vol. 159, pp. 509-518. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.032 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Gibson, E. (2020), “Shutting the School of Architecture at Taliesin is ‘an assault on Wright’s legacy’, says architect Ben Aranda”, in Dezeen, 29/01/2020. [Online] Available at: dezeen.com/2020/01/29/school-of-architecture-at-taliesin-frank-lloyd-wright-reaction-ben-aranda/ [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Grierson, D. (2016), “Unfinished business at the urban laboratory – Paolo Soleri, Arcology, and Arcosanti”, in Open House International, vol. 41, issue 4, pp. 63-72. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1108/OHI-04-2016-B0009 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Guallart, V. (2014), The Self-Sufficient City – Internet has changed our lives but it hasn’t changed our cities, yet, Actar Publisher, New York.
Haddaway, N. R., McGuinness, L. A. and Pritchard, C. C. (2021), PRISMA2020 – R package and ShinyApp for producing PRISMA 2020 compliant flow diagrams. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.4287834 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Himes, A. and Busby, G. (2020), “Wood buildings as a climate solution”, in Developments in the Built Environment, vol. 4, article 100030, pp. 1-7. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2020.100030 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Ibañez, D., Hutton, J. E. and Moe, K. (eds) (2019), Wood Urbanism – From the molecular to the territorial, Actar Publishers.
Lehmann, S. (2013), “Low carbon construction systems using prefabricated engineered solid wood panels for urban infill to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions”, in Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 6, pp. 57-67. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2012.08.004 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Liu, Z., Lu, Y. and Peh, L. C. (2019), “A Review and Scientometric Analysis of Global Building Information Modeling (BIM) Research in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry”, in Buildings, vol. 9, issue 10, article 210, pp. 1-34. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.3390/buildings9100210 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Lowe, G. (2020), Wood, Well-being and Performance – The Human and Organizational Benefits of Wood Buildings, Forest Innovation Investment. [Online] Available at: naturallywood.com/wp-content/uploads/wood-well-being-and-performance_report_graham-lowe.pdf [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Manzoor, B., Othman, I. and Pomares, J. C. (2021), “Digital technologies in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry – A bibliometric-qualitative literature review of research activities”, in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 18, issue 11, article 6135, pp. 1-26. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116135 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Mastouri, H., Benhamou, B., Hamdi, H. and Mouyal, E. (2017), “Thermal performance assessment of passive techniques integrated into a residential building in semi-arid climate”, in Energy and Buildings, vol. 143, pp. 1-16. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.03.022 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
McPhearson, T., Raymond, C. M., Gulsrud, N., Albert, C., Coles, N., Fagerholm, N., Nagatsu, M., Olafsson, A. S., Soininen, N. and Vierikko, K. (2021), “Radical changes are needed for transformations to a good Anthropocene”, in Npj Urban Sustainability, vol. 1, issue 1, pp. 1-13. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1038/s42949-021-00017-x [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Niitamo, V.-P., Kulkki, S., Eriksson, M. and Hribernik, K. A. (2006), “State-of-the-art and good practice in the field of living labs”, in 2006 IEEE International Technology Management Conference (ICE), pp. 1-8. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2006.7477081 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Pacheco, A. (2020), “Leaders of the School of Architecture at Taliesin and Cosanti share their vision for the future of organic architecture”, in Archinect, 15/06/2020. [Online] Available at: archinect.com/news/article/150202633/leaders-of-the-school-of-architecture-at-taliesin-and-cosanti-share-their-vision-for-the-future-of-organic-architecture [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Pacheco-Torgal, F., Ivanov, V. and Tsang, D. C. W. (2020), Bio-Based Materials and Biotechnologies for Eco-efficient Construction, Elsevier Science & Technology.
Page, M. J. et alii (2021), “The PRISMA 2020 statement – An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews”, in The BMJ, vol. 372, n. 71. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Palahí, M. et alii (2020), Investing in Nature as the true engine of our economy – A 10-point Action Plan for a Circular Bioeconomy of Wellbeing, Knowledge to Action 02, European Forest Institute. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.36333/k2a02 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Perriccioli, M., Ruggiero, R. and Salka, M. (2021), “Ecologia e tecnologie digitali – L’architettura alla piccola scala come luogo di connessioni | Ecology and digital technologies – Small-scale architecture as a place of connections”, in Agathón | International Journal of Architecture, Art and Design, vol. 10, pp. 36-45. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.19229/2464-9309/1032021 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Pineda-Pinto, M., Frantzeskaki, N. and Nygaard, C. A. (2021), “The potential of nature-based solutions to deliver ecologically just cities – Lessons for research and urban planning from a systematic literature review”, in Ambio, vol. 51, pp. 167-182. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1007/s13280-021-01553-7 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Ramage, M. H., Burridge, H., Busse-Wicher, M., Fereday, G., Reynolds, T., Shah, D. U., Wu, G., Yu, L., Fleming, P., Densley-Tingley, D., Allwood, J., Dupree, P., Linden, P. F. and Scherman, O. (2017), “The wood from the trees – The use of timber in construction”, in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 68, part 1, pp. 333-359. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.107 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Ratti, C. and Belleri, D. (2020), “Verso una cyber-ecologia | Towards a cyber ecology”, in Agathón | International Journal of Architecture, Art and Design, vol. 8, pp. 8-19. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.19229/2464-9309/812020 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Santos, R., Costa, A. A. and Grilo, A. (2017), “Bibliometric analysis and review of Building Information Modelling literature published between 2005 and 2015”, in Automation in Construction, vol. 80, pp. 118-136. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2017.03.005 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Sathre, R. and O’Connor, J. (2010), “Meta-analysis of greenhouse gas displacement factors of wood product substitution”, in Environmental Science & Policy, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 104-114. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2009.12.005 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Scalisi, F. and Sposito, C. (2021), “Strategie e approcci ‘green’ – Un contributo dall’off-site e dall’upcycling dei container marittimi dismessi | ‘Green’ strategies and approaches – A contribution from the off-site and upcycling of discarded shipping containers”, in Agathón | International Journal of Architecture, Art and Design, vol. 10, pp. 92-119. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.19229/2464-9309/1092021 [Accessed 26 April 2022].
Scouse, A., Kelley, S. S., Liang, S. and Bergman, R. (2020), “Regional and net economic impacts of high-rise mass timber construction in Oregon”, in Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 61, article 102154, pp. 1-9. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102154 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Simon, H. A. (1996), The sciences of the artificial, MIT Press, Cambridge (MA).
Smil, V. (2012), Harvesting the Biosphere – What We Have Taken from Nature, MIT Press, Cambridge (MA).
Sposito, C. and Scalisi, F. (2019), “High-rise timber architecture – An opportunity for the sustainability of the built environment”, in De Giovanni, G. and Scalisi, F. (eds), PRO-INNOVATION – Process, Production, Product, Palermo University Press, Palermo, pp. 93-122. [Online] Available at: iris.unipa.it/handle/10447/372355 [Accessed 26 April 2022].
UN – United Nations (2019), World Population Prospects 2019 – Highlights. [Online] Available at: population.un.org/wpp/publications/files/wpp2019_highlights.pdf [Accessed 21 March 2022].
van Eck, N. J. and Waltman, L. (2021), VOSviewer Manual. [Online] Available at: vosviewer.com/documentation/Manual_VOSviewer_1.6.8.pdf [Accessed 21 March 2022].
van Eck, N. J. and Waltman, L. (2010), “Software survey – VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping”, in Scientometrics, vol. 84, issue 2, pp. 523-538. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0146-3 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Vilutiene, T., Kalibatiene, D., Hosseini, M. R., Pellicer, E. and Zavadskas, E. K. (2019), “Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Structural Engineering – A Bibliometric Analysis of the Literature”, in Advances in Civil Engineering, vol. 2019, article ID 5290690, pp. 1-19. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1155/2019/5290690 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Yin, X., Liu, H., Chen, Y. and Al-Hussein, M. (2019), “Building information modelling for off-site construction – Review and future directions”, in Automation in Construction, vol. 101, pp. 72-91. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2019.01.010 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Zalasiewicz, J., Waters, C. N., Williams, M. and Summerhayes, C. P. (eds) (2019), The Anthropocene as a Geological Time Unit – A Guide to the Scientific Evidence and Current Debate, Cambridge University Press. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1017/9781108621359 [Accessed 21 March 2022].
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This Journal is published under Creative Commons Attribution Licence 4.0 (CC-BY).
License scheme | Legal code
This License allows anyone to:
Share: copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
Adapt: remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Under the following terms
Attribution: Users must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made; users may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses them or their use.
No additional restrictions: Users may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices
Users do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give users all of the permissions necessary for their intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
