Design e innovazione del patrimonio culturale. Connessioni phygital per un Patrimonio di prossimità
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19229/2464-9309/10172021Parole chiave:
design per l’innovazione del patrimonio culturale, phygital, heritage continuum, attivazione, prossimitàAbstract
L’articolo propone una riflessione nel campo della progettazione per i Beni Culturali nello scenario ‘phygital’, ovvero la convergenza e l’interazione tra il mondo fisico-analogico e quello virtuale-digitale in un nuovo spazio fluido. Questa condizione impatta notevolmente sul Patrimonio culturale, sia sulla sua natura e definizione sia sulla sua accessibilità ed esperienza, divenendo un continuum inscindibile di elementi materiali e immateriali estesi e connessi nel tempo e nello spazio. Le potenzialità delle nuove tecnologie consentono la creazione di significative connessioni tra Patrimonio, fruitori e stakeholders, in una dimensione spaziale ibrida di prossimità, sia fisica che metaforica. La cultura del design risponde a queste trasformazioni (e al bisogno di nuove modalità di relazione, coinvolgimento e contatto profondo con il Patrimonio, anche in risposta alla crisi post-pandemica) con un approccio innovativo verso una tecnologia guidata dalla cultura, definita come ‘culture-driven innovation’, per innovare l’esperienza di fruizione e quindi di progettazione con il Patrimonio, attraverso co-creazione di narrazioni aumentate e amplificate, modalità co-curatoriali partecipative e contributive, fino a pratiche performative e di riuso creativo del Patrimonio culturale.
Downloads
##plugins.generic.articleMetricsGraph.articlePageHeading##
Riferimenti bibliografici
Affleck, J. and Kvan, T. (2007), “Memory Capsules – Discursive Interpretation of Cultural Heritage through New Media”, in Kalay, Y. E., Kvan, T. and Affleck, J. (eds), New Heritage – New Media and Cultural Heritage, Routledge, London, pp. 92-111. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.4324/9780203937884 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Agostino, D., Arnaboldi, M. and Lampis, A. (2020), “Italian state museums during the Covid-19 crisis – From onsite closure to online openness”, in Museum Management and Curatorship, vol. 35, issue 4, pp. 362-372. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2020.1790029 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Allen, J. and Lupo, E. (eds) (2012), Representing Museum Technologies, Politecnico di Milano, Milano. [Online] Available at: mela-project.polimi.it/publications/951.htm [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Andrade, J. G. and Dias, P. (2020), “A phygital approach to cultural heritage – Augmented reality at Regaleira”, in Virtual Archaeology Review, vol. 11, issue 22, pp. 15-25. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.11663 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Ballina, F. J., Valdes, L. and Del Valle, E. (2019), “The Phygital experience in the smart tourism destination”, in International Journal of Tourism Cities, vol. 5, issue 4, pp. 656-671. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-11-2018-0088 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Batchelor, D., Schnabel, M. A. and Dudding, M. (2021), “Smart Heritage – Defining the Discourse”, in Heritage, vol. 4, issue 2, pp. 1005-1015. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.3390/heritage4020055 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Battesti, J. (ed.) (2012), Que reste-t-il du présent? Collecter le contemporain dans les musées du société, Le Festin, Bordeaux.
Bertacchini, E., Nuccio, M. and Durio, A. (2019), “Proximity tourism and cultural amenities”, in Tourism Economics, vol. 27, issue 1, pp. 187-204. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1177/1354816619890230 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Bertola, P. and Manzini, E. (eds) (2004), Design multiverso – Appunti di Fenomenologia del design, Poli.Design, Milano.
Borowiecki, K. J., Forbes, N. and Fresa, A. (eds) (2016), Cultural Heritage in a Changing World, Springer, Cham. [Online] Available at: springer.com/gp/book/9783319295428 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Capurro, R. and Lupo, E. (eds) (2016), Designing Multivocal Museums – Intercultural practices at Museo Diocesano Milano, Politecnico di Milano, Milano. [Online] Available at: mela-project.polimi.it/publications/static-001.htm [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Celaschi, F. and Trocchianesi, R. (2004), Design & Beni culturali – La cultura del progetto nella valorizzazione dei Beni culturali, Poli.Design, Milano.
Colombo, M. E. (2020), Musei e cultura digitale – Fra narrativa, pratiche e testimonianze, Editrice Bibliografica, Milano.
Corte-Real, E., Duarte, A. M. C. and Carvallo Rodrigues, F. (eds) (2005), Pride and predesign – The Cultural Heritage and the science of design, CUMULUS and IADE – School of Design, Lisbona.
Dernie, D. (2006), Exhibition Design, Laurence King Publishing, London.
Dourish, P. (2001), Where the Action Is – The Foundations of Embodied Interaction, The MIT Press, Cambridge (MA).
European Commission (2019), European Framework for Action on Cultural Heritage. [Online] Available at: op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/5a9c3144-80f1-11e9-9f05-01aa75ed71a1 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
European Commission (2018a), Strategic framework for the EU’s cultural policy. [Online] Available at: ec.europa.eu/culture/policies/strategic-framework-eus-cultural-policy [Accessed 23 September 2021].
European Commission (2018b), Council conclusions on the Work Plan for Culture 2019-2022, document 52018XG1221(01). [Online] Available at: eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52018XG1221%2801%29 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
European Commission (2018c), Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions – A new European Agenda for Culture, COM/2018/267 final, document 52018DC0267. [Online] Available at: eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM:2018:267:FIN [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Freeman, A., Adams Becker, S., Cummins, M., McKelroy, E., Giesinger, C. and Yuhnke, B. (2016), Horizon Report – 2016 Museum Edition, NMC – The New Media Consortium, Austin (Texas). [Online] Available at: ecsite.eu/activities-and-services/resources/horizon-report-2016-museum-edition [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Furth, B. (ed.) (2011), Handbook of Augmented Reality, Springer, Cham. [Online] Available at: springer.com/gp/book/9781461400639 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Galani, A. and Kidd, J. (2020), “Hybrid Material Encounters – Expanding the Continuum of Museum Materialities in the Wake of a Pandemic”, in Museum & Society, vol. 18, issue 3, pp. 298-301. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.29311/mas.v18i3.3565 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Giaccardi, E. (2015), “Designing the Connected Everyday”, in Interaction, vol. 22, issue 1, pp. 26-31. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1145/2692982 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Giaccardi, E. (ed.) (2012), Heritage and Social Media – Understanding Heritage in a Participatory Culture, Routledge, London and New York.
Giaccardi, E. and Redström, J. (2020), “Technology and more than-human design”, in Design Issues, vol. 36, issue 4, pp. 33-44. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1162/desi_a_00612 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Hooper-Greenhill, E. (2003), “Interpretive communities, strategies and repertoires”, in Watson, S. (ed.), Museums and their communities, Routledge, London, pp. 76-94.
Hornecker, E. and Buur, J. (2006), “Getting a grip on tangible interaction – A frame work on physical space and social interaction”, in CHI ’06 – Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Montréal Québec Canada, April 22-27, 2006, ACM Press, pp. 437-446. [Online] Available at. doi.org/10.1145/1124772.1124838 [Accessed 12 October 2021].
Hornecker, E. and Ciolfi, L. (2019), Human-Computer Interactions in Museums, Morgan & Claypool Publishers, San Rafael (CA). [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.2200/S00901ED1V01Y201902HCI042 [Accessed 12 October 2021].
Irace, F. (ed.) (2013), Design & Cultural Heritage, Mondadori Electa, Milano.
Jelinčić, D. A. (2017), Innovations in Culture and Development – The Culturinno Effect in Public Policy, Springer, Cham. [Online] Available at: link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-52721-5 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Kalay, Y. E., Kvan, T. and Affleck, J. (eds), New Heritage – New Media and Cultural Heritage, Routledge, London. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.4324/9780203937884 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Kidd, J. (2014), Museums in the New Mediascape – Transmedia, Participation, Ethics, Ashgate, Farnham.
Kirshenblatt-gimblett, B. (2014), “Intangible heritage as metacultural production”, in Museum International, vol. 66, issue 1-4, pp. 163-174. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1111/muse.12070 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Kreps, C. (2008), “Indigenous curation, museums, and intangible cultural heritage”, in Smith, L. and Akagawa, N. (eds), Intangible Heritage, Routledge, London. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.4324/9780203884973 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Kreps, C. (2003), Liberating culture – Cross-cultural Perspective on Museums, Curation and Heritage Preservation, Routledge, London.
Krumm, J., Davies, N. and Narayanaswami, C. (2008), “User-generated contents”, in Pervasive Computing, vol. 7, issue 4, pp. 10-11. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1109/MPRV.2008.85 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Lo Turco, M. and Giovannini, E. C. (2020), “Towards a phygital heritage approach for museum collection”, in Journal of Archaeological Science | Reports, vol. 34, part A. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102639 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Lokesha, V. B., Banumathi, D. and Bhagya, R. (2020), “Progressing with extended reality”, in Journal of Critical Reviews, vol. 7, issue 18, pp. 1405-1411. [Online] Available at: jcreview.com/?mno=95809 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Lord, G. D. and Blankenberg, N. (2005), Cities, Museums and Soft Power, The AAM Press, Washington.
Lupo, E. (2009), Il design per i Beni culturali – Pratiche e processi innovativi di valorizzazione, FrancoAngeli, Milano.
Lupo, E., Giunta, E. and Trocchianesi, R. (2011), “Design research and cultural heritage – Activating the value of cultural assets as open-ended knowledge system”, in Design Principles and Practices Journal, vol. 5, issue 6, pp. 431-450. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.18848/1833-1874/CGP/v05i06/38227 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Maffei, S. M., Parente, M. and Villari, B. (eds) (2006), SDI Design Review 03 – Il design per la valorizzazione dei beni culturali – Le premesse fondative della ricerca d.Cult, Poli.Design, Milano.
Manzini, E. (2006), “Design culture and dialogic design”, in Design Issues, vol. 32, issue 1, pp. 52-59. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1162/DESI_a_00364 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Marshall, P. and Hornecker, E. (2013), “Theories of Embodiment in HCI”, in Price, S., Jewitt, C. and Brown, B. (eds), The Sage Handbook of Digital Technology Research, Sage Publications, Los Angeles.
Natal, D., Corcuera, A., Carruesco, F. and Alonso, J. (2017), Consumer Engagement Trends For 2017. [Online] Available at: ideasen.llorenteycuenca.com/2016/12/19/consumer-engagement-trends-for-2017/ [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Neuburger, L., Beck, J. and Egger, R. (2018), “The ‘Phygital’ Tourist Experience – The Use of Augmented and Virtual Reality in Destination Marketing”, in Camilleri, M. A. (ed.), Tourism Planning and Destination Marketing, Emerald Publishing Limited, Bingley (UK), pp. 183-202. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78756-291-220181009 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Nielsen, J. (2014), “Transformations in the Postmodern Museum”, in Museological Review, issue 18, pp. 22-29. [Online] Available at: le.ac.uk/museum-studies/about/journals/museological-review [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Nofal, E., Reffat, R. M. and Vande Moere, A. (2017), “Phygital heritage – An approach for heritage communication”, in The 3rd Annual International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN2017), Coimbra, Portugal, 26-29 June 2017, pp. 220-229. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.3217/978-3-85125-530-0-36 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Parry, R. (ed.) (2013), Museum in a digital age, Routledge, Londra.
Porter, M. E. (2006), Strategy for museums, presentation at the American Alliance of Museums Annual Meeting, Boston (MA), April 28, 2006. [Online] Available at: hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=46839 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Rantala, O., Salmela, T., Valtonen, A. and Höckert, E. (2020), “Envisioning Tourism and Proximity after the Anthropocene”, in Sustainability, vol. 12, issue 10, 3948. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.3390/su12103948 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Romagosa, F. (2020), “The Covid-19 crisis – Opportunities for sustainable and proximity tourism”, in Tourism Geographies – An International Journal of Tourism Space, Place and Environment, vol. 22, issue 3, pp. 690-694. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1763447 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Russo, A., Watkins, J., Kelly, L. and Chan, S. (2007), “Social media and cultural interactive experiences in museums”, in Nordisk Museologi, issue 1, pp. 19-29. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.5617/nm.3255 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Sacco, P. L. and Travkina, E. (2020), Culture Shock – Covid-19 and the cultural and creative sector, OECD. [Online] Available at: oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/culture-shock-covid-19-and-the-cultural-and-creative-sectors-08da9e0e/ [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Salmela, T., Nevala, H., Nousiainen, M. and Rantala, O. (2021), “Proximity tourism – A thematic literature review”, in Matkailututkimus | Finnish Journal of Tourism Research, vol. 17, issue 1, pp. 46-63. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.33351/mt.107997 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Sanders, E. B. N. and Stapper, P. J. (2008), “Co-creation and the new landscape of design”, in Co-design – International Journal of CoCreation in Design and the Arts, vol. 4, issue 1, pp. 5-18. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1080/15710880701875068 [Accessed 11 October 2021].
Shaer, O. and Hornecker, E. (2010), “Tangible User Interfaces – Past, Present, and Future Directions”, in Foundations and Trends® in Human–Computer Interaction, vol. 3, n. 1-2, pp. 4-137. [Online] Available at: dx.doi.org/10.1561/1100000026 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Shiach, M. and Virani, T. (eds) (2017), Cultural Policy, Innovation and the Creative Economy, Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Simon, N. (2010), The Participatory Museum, Museum 2.0, Santa Cruz. [Online] Available at: participatorymuseum.org/ [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Smith, R. C. and Iversen, O. S. (2014), “Participatory Heritage Innovation – Designing Dialogic Sites of Engagement”, in Digital Creativity Journal, vol. 25, issue 3, pp. 255-268. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1080/14626268.2014.904796 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Sonkoly, G. and Vahtikari, T. (2018), Innovation in Cultural Heritage research – For an integrated European research policy, European Commission Directorate-General for Research and Innovation. [Online] Available at: op.europa.eu/it/publication-detail/-/publication/1dd62bd1-2216-11e8-ac73-01aa75ed71a1 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Spallazzo, D. (2012), Mobile Technologies and Cultural Heritage – Towards a design approach, LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrücken.
Steiner, C. (2010), “From heritage to hyper-reality? Tourism destination development in the Middle East between Petra and the Palm”, in Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, vol. 8, issue 4, pp. 240-253. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2010.521245 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Studio Azzurro (ed.) (2011), Musei di narrazione – Percorsi interattivi e affreschi multimediali, Silvana Editoriale, Milano.
Tchen, J. K. W. and Ševcenko, L. (2011), “The ‘dialogic museum’ revisited – A collaborative reflection”, in Adair, B., Filene, B. and Koloski, L. (eds), Letting go – Sharing Historical Authority in a User-Generated World, The Pew Center for Arts & Heritage, Philadelphia, pp. 80-89.
UNESCO (2019), Culture | 2030 Indicators. [Online] Available at: unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000371562 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Vecco, M. (2010), “A definition of cultural heritage – From the tangible to the intangible”, in Journal of Cultural Heritage, vol. 11, issue 3, pp. 321-324. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2010.01.006 [Accessed 23 September 2021].
Visser, J. and Richardson, J. (2013), Digital Engagement in Culture, Heritage and the Arts. [Online] Available at: digitalengagementframework.com [Accessed 23 September 2021].
##submission.downloads##
Pubblicato
Come citare
Fascicolo
Sezione
Licenza
AGATHÓN è pubblicata sotto la licenza Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY).
License scheme | Legal code
Questa licenza consente a chiunque di:
Condividere: riprodurre, distribuire, comunicare al pubblico, esporre in pubblico, rappresentare, eseguire e recitare questo materiale con qualsiasi mezzo e formato.
Modificare: remixare, trasformare il materiale e basarti su di esso per le tue opere per qualsiasi fine, anche commerciale.
Alle seguenti condizioni
Attribuzione: si deve riconoscere una menzione di paternità adeguata, fornire un link alla licenza e indicare se sono state effettuate delle modifiche; si può fare ciò in qualsiasi maniera ragionevole possibile, ma non con modalità tali da suggerire che il licenziante avalli l'utilizzatore o l'utilizzo del suo materiale.
Divieto di restrizioni aggiuntive: non si possono applicare termini legali o misure tecnologiche che impongano ad altri soggetti dei vincoli giuridici su quanto la licenza consente di fare.
Note
Non si è tenuti a rispettare i termini della licenza per quelle componenti del materiale che siano in pubblico dominio o nei casi in cui il nuovo utilizzo sia consentito da una eccezione o limitazione prevista dalla legge.
Non sono fornite garanzie. La licenza può non conferire tutte le autorizzazioni necessarie per l'utilizzo che ci si prefigge. Ad esempio, diritti di terzi come i diritti all'immagine, alla riservatezza e i diritti morali potrebbero restringere gli usi del materiale.
