Metabolic cities of the future. Between Agriculture and Architecture

Authors

  • Leonardo Zaffi University of Florence
  • Michele D'Ostuni University of Florence

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19229/2464-9309/882020

Keywords:

urban farming, macro-structures, urban utopias, self-subsistence, soilless culture

Abstract

The constant migratory phenomena and the displacement of part of the world’s population from the countryside to the city are bringing great part of the agricultural workforce in the big cities, changing their work sector from agriculture to industry. In this context, theorists and promoters of urban farming have seen in this industry a powerful tool to find spaces suitable for cultivation within the urban fabric, while promoting a new green development of the city. Resuming the fascination of mega-structures proposed in the second half of the twentieth century, in the gap between utopia and dystopia, this essay investigates models and solutions for the integration of agricultural production systems within above-ground architectures, designed to meet the demand for new living spaces in future ultra-populated cities, as a possible response to the soil impoverishment that made it difficult to implement traditional farming systems in and around urban areas.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Metrics Graph

Author Biographies

Leonardo Zaffi, University of Florence

Architect and PhD, he is an Associate Professor in Architectural Technology at DIDA – Department of Architecture and Head of the Architecture and Self-build Laboratory. His area of expertise is designing complex building processes and develop project strategies in the executive stage.
E-mail: leonardo.zaffi@unifi.it

Michele D'Ostuni, University of Florence

Architect and PhD, he is a Senior Researcher at DIDA – Department of Architecture and Member of the UrbanFarm Challenge Scientific Committee organized by the Alma Mater University of Bologna. He is an expert in urban farming projects and soilless cultivation systems.
E-mail: michele.dostuni@unifi.it

References

Bellini, O. E. and Arcieri, M. (2020), “Il megaformalismo dell’abitare – Genealogia e prerogative di un potenziale morfo-tecnotipo | Megaformalism of living – Genealogy and prerogatives of a potential morpho-technotype”, in Agathón | International Journal of Architecture, Art and Design, vol. 7, pp. 102-113. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.19229/2464-9309/7112020 [Accessed 24 September 2020].

Bloom, D. E., Canning, D. and Fink, G. (2008), “Urbanization and the Wealth of Nations”, in Science, vol. 319, issue 5864, pp. 772-775. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1126/science.1153057 [Accessed 24 October 2020].

Burckhardt, F. and Schmidt, B. (2010), “Utopia nell’architettura – XXI Secolo”, in Treccani. [Online] Available at: www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/utopia-nell-architettura_%28XXI-Secolo%29/ [Accessed 04 November 2020].

Cockrall-King, J. (2012), Food and the City – Urban Agriculture and the New Food Revolution, Prometheus book, Amherst (NY).

Defilippi Shinzato, T. M., Dueñas, A., Ccasani, J., García, V. and Morales, G. (2019), “Effetto della vegetazione urbana su dissipazione termica e inquinanti gassosi | Influence of the urban vegetation on thermal dissipation and gaseous pollutants”, in Agathón | International Journal of Architecture, Art and Design, vol. 6, pp. 162-169. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.19229/2464-9309/6152019 [Accessed 20 September 2020].

Despommier, D. (2011), The Vertical Farm – Feeding the World in the 21st Century, St. Martin’s Press, New York.

FAO (2020), The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World – Transforming Food System for Affordable Health Diets. [Online] Available at: www.fao.org/3/ca9692en/CA9692EN.pdf [Accessed 24 September 2020].

FAO (2017), Voluntary Guidelines for Sustainable Soil Management. [Online] Available at: www.fao.org/3/a-bl813e.pdf [Accessed 26 October 2020].

FAO (2016), “Global Soil Partnership endorses guidelines on sustainable soil management”, in fao.org, 27/05/2016. [Online] Available at: www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/416121/icode/ [Accessed 22 September 2020].

Fissore, V. (1975), “Modi narrativi comparati dei racconti di utopia e di s.f.”, in Vv. Aa., Utopia e fantascienza, Giappichelli, Torino, pp. 45-62.

Friedman, Y. (2009), L’Architettura della Sopravvivenza – Una filosofia della Povertà, Bollati Boringhieri, Torino.

Fuller, R. B. (2008), Utopia or Oblivion – The Prospects for Humanity, Lars Müller Publishers, Baden.

Fuller. R. B. and Kuromiya, K. (1981), Critical Path, St. Martin’s Press, New York. [Online] Available at: ratical.org/co-globalize/CriticalPath-1981.pdf [Accessed 22 September 2020].

Gadanho, P., Laia, J. and Ventura, S. (eds) (2017), Utopia/Dystopia – A Paradigm Shift in Art and Architecture, Mousse Publishing, Milano.

Gargiani, R. and Lampariello, B. (2010), Superstudio, Laterza, Bari.

Holt-Giménez, E. (2018), Can we feed the world without destroying it?, Polity Press, Cambridge-Madford.

Howard, E. (1902), Garden Cities of Tomorrow, Swan Sonnenshein & Co. Ltd, London. [Online] Available at: www.gutenberg.org/files/46134/46134-h/46134-h.htm [Accessed 04 November 2020].

Ingersoll, R. (2020), “Contemporary Infrastructure, from mega to mini | Infrastrutture Contemporanee, da mega a mini”, in Domusweb, 03/07/2020. [Online] Available at: www.domusweb.it/en/architecture/2020/07/03/from-mega-to-mini.html [Accessed 05 November 2020].

IPSOS (2017), Perils of Perception – Global Impact of Development Aid. [Online] Available at: www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2017-09/Gates_Perils_of_Perception_Report-September_2017.pdf [Accessed 04 November 2020].

Keeffe, G. (2016), “Hardware software interface – A strategy for the design of urban agriculture”, in Roggema, R. (ed.), Sustainable Urban Agriculture and Food Planning, Routledge, London, pp. 15-38. [Online] Available at: www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781315646039 [Accessed 24 September 2020].

Koolhaas, R. and Obrist, H. U. (2011), Project Japan – Metabolism Talks, Taschen, Colonia.

Laborit, H. (2011), L’Homme et la Ville, Flammarion, Paris.

Lohrberg, F., Lička, L., Scazzosi, L. and Timpe, A. (eds) (2016), Urban Agriculture Europe, JOVIS, Berlin.

Michaels, G., Rauch, F. and Redding, S. J. (2012), “Urbanization and Structural Transformation”, in The Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 127, issue 2, pp. 535-586. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjs003 [Accessed 24 September 2020].

Mirenayat, S. and Soofastaei, E. (2015), “Philip K. Dick and the question of dystopia and utopia”, in International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies, vol. 1, n. 1, pp. 1-5. [Online] Available at: airccse.com/ijhas/papers/1116ijhas01.pdf [Accessed 24 September 2020].

Moro, T. (2016), L’Utopia [or. ed. Libellus vere aureus, nec minus salutaris quam festivus de optimo rei publicae statu, deque nova insula Utopia, 1516], Feltrinelli, Milano.

Pew Research Center (2015), Global Attitude and Trends Survey – Spring 2015 – When children today grow up, do you think they will be better off or worse off financially than their parents? [Online] Available at: pewresearch.org/global/question-search/?qid=1625&cntIDs=&stdIDs= [Accessed 04 November 2020].

Pillera, G. (2010), “L’immaginario utopico e distopico: origine, temi e forme espressive – Appunti di viaggio tra cinema e letteratura”, in Cinergie | Il Cinema e le altre Arti, n. 19, pp. 36-39. [Online] Available at: archive.org/details/Cinergieoldseries-19/mode/2up [Accessed 24 September 2020].

Poore, J. and Nemecek, T. (2018), “Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers”, in Science, vol. 360, issue 6392, pp. 987-992. [Online] Available at: doi.org/10.1126/science.aaq0216 [Accessed 18 October 2020].

Roggema, R. (2016), “Introduction – On the brink of why and how: sustainable urban food planning grows up”, in Roggema, R. (ed.), Sustainable Urban Agriculture and Food Planning, Routledge, London, pp. 1-14. [Online] Available at: www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781315646039 [Accessed 24 September 2020].

Roth, M., Frixen, M., Tobisch, C. and Scholle, T. (2019), “Finding Spaces for Urban Food Production – Matching Spatial and Stakeholder Analysis with Urban Agriculture Approaches in the Urban Renewal Area of Dortmund-Hörde, Germany”, in Future of Food | Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society, vol. 3, issue 1, pp. 79-88. [Online] Available at: www.thefutureoffoodjournal.com/index.php/FOFJ/issue/view/10/10 [Accessed 04 November 2020].

Sadler, S. (2005), Archigram – Architecture without Architecture, MIT Press, Cambridge-London.

S-Space, 9999 and Superstudio (1971), S-Space presents – Vita, morte e miracoli dell’architettura | Life, death and miracles of architecture, Space Electronic, Firenze.

Steel, C. (2013), Hungry City – How Food Shape Our Lives, Vintage Books, London.

UN – United Nations (2019a), World Population Prospects 2019 – Highlights. [Online] Available at: population.un.org/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2019_Highlights.pdf [Accessed 14 September 2020].

UN – United Nations (2019b), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2019. [Online] Available at: unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2019/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Report-2019.pdf [Accessed 22 October 2020].

UN – United Nations (2018), World Urbanization Prospects – The 2018 Revision. [Online] Available at: population.un.org/wup/Publications/Files/WUP2018-Report.pdf [Accessed 14 September 2020].

van Tuijl, E., Hospers, G.-J. and van den Berg, L. (2018), “Opportunities and Challenges of Urban Agriculture for Sustainable City Development”, in European Spatial Research and Policy, vol. 25, n. 2, pp. 5-22. [Online] Available at: dx.doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.25.2.01 [Accessed 24 September 2020].

Collage: dystopias of the metabolic city (credit: A. Camellato, C. Passeri and F. Senesi, 2020). AGATHÓN 08 | 2020

Downloads

Published

27-12-2020

How to Cite

Zaffi, L. and D’Ostuni, M. (2020) “Metabolic cities of the future. Between Agriculture and Architecture”, AGATHÓN | International Journal of Architecture, Art and Design, 8(online), pp. 82–93. doi: 10.19229/2464-9309/882020.